What causes internal hemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids occur when veins inside the rectum become swollen and inflamed. This can happen for several reasons, including
Straining during bowel movements: This can occur due to constipation, which can cause excessive pressure on the veins in the rectum.
- A low-fibre diet: A diet that is low in fibre can lead to hard, difficult-to-pass stools, which can put pressure on the veins in the rectum.
- Chronic diarrhea: Ongoing diarrhea can cause irritation and inflammation of the rectum, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
- Pregnancy: Pregnant women may develop hemorrhoids due to the increased pressure on the rectum and veins in the pelvis and legs, as well as changes in hormone levels that can affect bowel movements.
- Sitting for long periods of time: Prolonged sitting can cause increased pressure on the veins in the rectum, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
- Age: As you age, the tissues that support the veins in the rectum can weaken and stretch, increasing the risk of developing hemorrhoids.
While these factors can increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids, they do not necessarily cause them in every case.
What causes external hemorrhoids?
External hemorrhoids occur when veins near the anus become swollen and inflamed. This can happen for several reasons, we mention some below:
Straining during bowel movements: This can occur due to constipation, which can cause excessive pressure on the veins around the anus.
Pregnancy: Pregnant women may develop hemorrhoids due to the increased pressure on the veins in the pelvis and legs, as well as changes in hormone levels that can affect bowel movements.
Obesity: Excess weight can put pressure on the veins around the anus, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
Sitting for long periods of time: Prolonged sitting can cause increased pressure on the veins around the anus, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
Aging: As you age, the tissues that support the veins around the anus can weaken and stretch, increasing the risk of developing hemorrhoids.
Straining during heavy lifting or exercise: This can cause increased pressure on the veins around the anus, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
While these factors can increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids, they do not necessarily cause them in every case.
How to diagnose hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids can be diagnosed through a physical examination by a healthcare provider. During the exam, the healthcare provider will usually perform a visual inspection of the anal area to look for signs of hemorrhoids. They may also perform a digital rectal exam, which involves inserting a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel for any abnormalities.
In some cases, additional testing may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions that may have similar symptoms, such as anal fissures, abscesses, or certain types of cancer. These tests may include:
- Colonoscopy: This procedure involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera at the end into the rectum and colon to examine the entire length of the colon.
- Anoscopy: This procedure involves inserting a small, rigid tube with a camera at the end into the anus to examine the lower part of the rectum.
- Sigmoidoscopy: This procedure is similar to a colonoscopy but examines only the lower part of the colon.
- Barium enema: This is an X-ray test that uses a contrast material called barium to highlight the colon and rectum.
What causes hemorrhoids?
Reference: here
Hemorrhoids are caused by an increase in pressure on the veins in the rectal and anal areas. The veins in this area can become swollen and inflamed, leading to the development of hemorrhoids. Some common causes of this increased pressure include
- Straining during bowel movements: This can occur due to constipation, which can cause excessive pressure on the veins in the rectal and anal areas.
- Chronic diarrhea: Ongoing diarrhea can cause irritation and inflammation of the rectum and anus, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
- Pregnancy: Pregnant women may develop hemorrhoids due to the increased pressure on the veins in the pelvis and legs, as well as changes in hormone levels that can affect bowel movements.
- Obesity: Excess weight can put pressure on the veins in the rectal and anal areas, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
- Sitting for long periods of time: Prolonged sitting can cause increased pressure on the veins in the rectal and anal areas, leading to the development of hemorrhoids.
- Aging: As you age, the tissues that support the veins in the rectal and anal areas can weaken and stretch, increasing the risk of developing hemorrhoids.
Other factors that may contribute to the development of hemorrhoids include a low-fibre diet, dehydration, and a family history of hemorrhoids. It’s important to note that not everyone who experiences these factors will develop hemorrhoids, and there may be other causes of hemorrhoids as well.
Who is at risk for hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are a common medical condition that affects many people, and some people may be at a higher risk of developing them than others. The following are some factors that may increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids:
Age:
Hemorrhoids become more common as people age.
Genetics:
Some people may be more prone to developing hemorrhoids due to their genetic makeup.
Chronic constipation or diarrhea:
Straining during bowel movements can put pressure on the veins in the rectum and anus, leading to hemorrhoids.
Pregnancy:
The increased pressure on the rectal veins during pregnancy can cause hemorrhoids.
Obesity:
Being overweight or obese can put extra pressure on the rectal veins, increasing the risk of hemorrhoids.
Sedentary lifestyle:
Lack of physical activity or sitting for long periods of time can increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids.
Poor diet:
A diet low in fibre can lead to constipation and straining during bowel movements, which can increase the risk of hemorrhoids.
What are the symptoms of hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids can cause a range of symptoms that can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some common symptoms of hemorrhoids include:
- Pain or discomfort around the anus: This can be a constant or intermittent sensation of discomfort, pain, itching, or burning in the anal area.
- Bleeding: Hemorrhoids can cause bleeding during bowel movements, which can result in bright red blood on the toilet paper, in the toilet bowl, or on the stool.
- Swelling: Hemorrhoids can cause a noticeable lump or swelling around the anus.
- Leakage of feces: In severe cases, hemorrhoids can cause fecal leakage or difficulty controlling bowel movements.
- Itching or irritation: Hemorrhoids can cause itching or irritation around the anus.
- Painful bowel movements: Hemorrhoids can make bowel movements painful, particularly if they are large or hard.
- Mucous discharge: Hemorrhoids can produce a mucous discharge, which can cause discomfort or irritation.
How to treat Hemorrhoids?
The treatment for hemorrhoids depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms being experienced. In most cases, the goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and improve overall comfort. Here are some common treatment options for hemorrhoids:
- Home remedies: Simple lifestyle changes such as increasing water and fiber intake, avoiding straining during bowel movements, and taking warm sitz baths can often help reduce the symptoms of hemorrhoids.
- Over-the-counter medications: Creams, ointments, or suppositories containing hydrocortisone, witch hazel, or lidocaine can help relieve pain, itching, and swelling associated with hemorrhoids.
- Medical procedures: If home remedies and over-the-counter medications are not effective, medical procedures may be necessary. These include rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, infrared coagulation, or surgery.
- Prescription medications: In some cases, prescription medications may be needed to help alleviate symptoms. These can include prescription-strength creams or ointments, or medications to reduce inflammation and pain.
It’s important to note that while hemorrhoids can be uncomfortable, they are generally not serious medical conditions. However, if you experience persistent bleeding, significant pain, or other concerning symptoms, it’s important to speak with a healthcare provider to rule out other potential medical conditions.
lifestyle changes to prevent hemorrhoids?
There are several lifestyle changes that can help prevent hemorrhoids or reduce the risk of recurrence. These include
- Eating a high-fibre diet: A diet that is rich in fibre can help prevent constipation, which is a common cause of hemorrhoids. Foods that are high in fibre include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
Drinking plenty of water: Staying hydrated can help prevent constipation and improve bowel function.
Exercising regularly: Regular exercise can help improve bowel function and prevent constipation. It also helps promote overall health and well-being.
- Avoiding straining during bowel movements: Straining during bowel movements can put pressure on the veins in the rectum and anus, leading to hemorrhoids. To avoid straining, take your time on the toilet, and avoid holding your breath.
5. Taking breaks from sitting: Sitting for long periods of time can put pressure on the rectal veins, increasing the risk of hemorrhoids. Taking breaks from sitting, standing up, and moving around can help prevent hemorrhoids.
6. Practicing good hygiene: Keeping the anal area clean can help prevent infection and irritation, which can lead to hemorrhoids. After a bowel movement, clean the area gently with mild soap and warm water.
7. Avoiding excessive use of laxatives: Overusing laxatives can lead to chronic diarrhea and increase the risk of hemorrhoids. If you need to use laxatives, do so sparingly and only under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
We are here to help
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider to determine the cause and appropriate treatment. Some of these symptoms may be related to other medical conditions, so it’s important to get an accurate diagnosis.
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